1. What it is Menopause is diagnosed after 12 consecutive months without a period. The average age in most countries is around 45–55, but it varies. 2. Key phases Perimenopause: The transition period before menopause, often 4–8 years. Hormones fluctuate, cycles become irregular. Menopause: The point when ovaries stop releasing eggs and estrogen/progesterone drop. Postmenopause: The years after menopause. Symptoms often ease, but health risks like osteoporosis and heart disease increase. 3. Common symptoms Hot flashes + night sweats Irregular periods → then no periods Sleep problems Mood changes, anxiety, or depression Vaginal dryness, lower libido Bone density loss, joint pain 4. Why it matters for workforce diversity In companies like Amber Distributors, menopause affects women typically in their late 40s to 50s. If your workforce is predominantly male and older, you might miss how menopause impacts productivity, a...
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Perseverance rover's belly hits the floor on Mars, exposing its rock-sampling heart (videos)
"Checking things out before I release the 'ejectable belly pan,'" mission team members said on Friday (March 12) via Perseverance's official Twitter account. After the team got confirmation that Percy dropped the belly pan as planned, they posted images and a new tweet Saturday (March 13) showing the cover sitting safely on the Martian surface.
"Up next is to check my sampling system now that its cover panel is off," the tweet from Saturday added.
The Perseverance rover's newly dropped "belly pan" sits on the surface of Mars. The Perseverance team posted this photo on Twitter on March 13, 2021. (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech via Twitter)
The belly pan is a protective cover that sat over the sampling system. A short Twitter video from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory shows the deployment sequence, which is pretty simple; the pan drops directly off the rover and exposes the sampling system beneath Perseverance.
The car-sized rover will be storing samples in its belly as it explores the Red Planet, looking for any signs of ancient life in its landing area of Jezero Crater and beyond.
"The belly of the rover houses all the equipment and supplies needed to collect samples. It contains a rotating drill carousel, which is a wheel that contains different kinds of drill bits. Next to that are the 43 sample tubes waiting to be filled," NASA officials wrote in an explainer about the sampling system.
"While the rover's big arm reaches out and drills rock, the rover belly is home to a small robotic arm that works as a 'lab assistant' to the big arm," NASA officials added. "The small arm picks up and moves new sample tubes to the drill and transfers filled sample containers into a space where they are sealed and stored."
The samples will eventually be cached at one or more "depots" on the Martian surface, which will be well-marked using local landmarks (such as rocks) and coordinates from orbit.
Perserverance's ejected 'belly pan' seen in distance in latest Mars pics
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A future sample-return campaign will land close to the depot(s), scoop up the samples and launch them up to Mars orbit for return to Earth. That return campaign isn't fully approved or funded yet, but planning is underway by both NASA and the European Space Agency for a possible liftoff later this decade. The samples could make it to Earth as early as 2031, NASA officials have said.
Bringing pristine pieces of the Red Planet to Earth will allow scientists to seek Mars life using advanced, non-portable laboratory instruments, assuming that the mission meets all the requirements for sample protection and for keeping Earth free of contaminants, too.
Follow Elizabeth Howell on Twitter @howellspace. Follow uson Twitter @Spacedotcomand on Facebook.
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