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Watch SpaceX's Crew-1 astronauts plummet to an ocean landing on Saturday, ending the longest human spaceflight in NAS
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Flying aboard SpaceX's Crew-1 mission for NASA are astronauts (from left) Mike Hopkins, Soichi Noguchi, Shannon Walker, and Victor Glover. SpaceX; NASA; Samantha Lee/Business Insider
SpaceX's Crew-1 mission for NASA is set to fly four astronauts back to Earth on Saturday.
The Crew Dragon spaceship must plummet at high speeds, then deploy parachutes to land in the ocean.
Watch NASA's livestream below to see the astronauts board Crew Dragon and fall to Earth.
A gumdrop-shaped fireball is set to plummet to Earth on Saturday.
SpaceX's Crew Dragon spaceship, carrying four astronauts for NASA, is scheduled to plow through the atmosphere at 25 times the speed of sound, deploy four parachutes as it approaches the coast of Florida, and then glide to a gentle splashdown in the ocean at 11:36 a.m. ET.
The spaceship, named Resilience, flew to the International Space Station in November, carrying Shannon Walker, Victor Glover, and Mike Hopkins of NASA, along with Soichi Noguchi of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. The astronauts have been living and working in orbit for more than five months.
Their mission, called Crew-1, officially restored NASA's ability to launch people into space on a US spacecraft for the first time since the Space Shuttles stopped flying in 2011. Six-month spaceflights have been routine for NASA astronauts launching on Russian Soyuz spaceships, but until now, the US had never flown such long-term missions on its own.
Crew-1 is also SpaceX's first routine astronaut flight for NASA. The agency has already purchased five more Crew Dragon missions. The second one, Crew-2, launched four more astronauts on Friday and reached the ISS on Saturday morning.
There are 11 people aboard the International Space Station. NASA
Walker, Glover, Hopkins, and Noguchi greeted the new arrivals, but the ISS is now crowded. So on Friday afternoon, the Crew-1 team is expected to climb back aboard the Crew Dragon Resilience for the journey home.
SpaceX has flown humans back to Earth from the ISS once before — on a crewed test flight called Demo-2. In May, that mission rocketed NASA astronauts Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken into orbit. They stayed on the ISS for two months before splashing down in the Gulf of Mexico.
But during Behnken and Hurley's return to Earth, a crowd of onlooker boats got dangerously close to the spaceship after it splashed down. To prevent that from happening again, SpaceX, NASA, and the Coast Guard plan to secure a 10-mile no-boat perimeter around the Crew-1 splashdown site.
The Crew-1 return trip was originally scheduled for Wednesday, but NASA delayed it after forecasts predicted high winds in the splashdown zones.
Watch live as Crew-1 returns to Earth
NASA plans to broadcast the nearly 20-hour journey — including the fiery plunge to Earth and the splashdown at the end — via the livestream below, starting at 3:30 p.m. ET on Friday.
The entire descent and landing process is automated, but Hurley advised the Crew-1 astronauts to make sure they're "staying ahead of the capsule," said Hopkins, who is the mission commander.
"Preparing for that landing is just going over our procedures and making sure, when we get into that sequence of events, that we're ready to go, and we're following right along with all of the automation as it takes us to, hopefully, a safe landing," he told reporters in a call from the ISS on Monday.
Walker, Glover, Hopkins, and Noguchi are expected to board the Resilience capsule and close its hatch behind them at 3:50 p.m. ET on Friday. After about two hours of checkouts, the hooks keeping Resilience attached to the space station should retract at 5:55 p.m. ET, undocking the spaceship from the ISS. The vehicle would then fire its thrusters to back away.
If all goes well, Resilience is expected to spend the night orbiting Earth and maneuvering into position. Then the capsule is designed to jettison its trunk — a lower section outfitted with fuel tanks, solar panels, and other hardware — which the astronauts would no longer need.
From there, the Crew-2 astronauts could be in for a bumpy ride.
"The landing was — I would say it was more than what Doug and I expected," Behnken told reporters after he returned to Earth aboard the spaceship. "I personally was surprised at just how quickly events all transpired."
"It felt like we were inside of an animal," he added.
NASA astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley, aboard the Crew Dragon Endeavour spacecraft on August 2, 2020. NASA/Handout via Reuters
Behnken also said that pivotal moments of the landing process — such as when the capsule separated from its trunk and when the parachutes deployed — felt "very much like getting hit in the back of the chair with a baseball bat."
As the Resilience spacecraft approaches Earth, it is expected to fire its thrusters continuously, pushing itself further into the atmosphere.
An animation of Crew Dragon plowing through the atmosphere. SpaceX
Soon, the spaceship is set to plummet through the atmosphere, superheating the material around it to a blistering 3,500 degrees Fahrenheit. At that point, Behnken said, he could feel the capsule heating up, and the force of Earth's gravity pulling on him for the first time in two months. It felt like being in a centrifuge, he added.
The Crew Dragon's heat shield — a collection of heat-resistant tiles that line the spaceship's underbelly — must deflect that superheated material to protect the astronauts inside. After the Demo-2 landing, NASA and SpaceX found that one of those tiles had worn away more than expected. So SpaceX reinforced the heat shield with stronger materials.
Once it's about 18,000 feet above the ocean, Resilience should deploy four parachutes — which brings a "pretty significant jolt," Behnken said.
The Crew Dragon Endeavour lands in the Gulf of Mexico, returning astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley to Earth on August 2, 2020. Bill Ingalls/NASA
From there, Resilience should glide to a gentle splashdown in the ocean at 11:36 a.m. ET. A recovery crew is expected to retrieve the charred capsule and carry the astronauts to shore.
The SpaceX GO Navigator recovery ship lifts the Crew Dragon capsule Endeavour out of the Gulf of Mexico, off the coast of Pensacola, Florida, on August 2, 2020. Bill Ingalls/NASA
"Landings are always fairly dynamic, particularly with the capsules like this, particularly when the chutes are opening. So that's always a little bit exciting," Hopkins said.
When asked what he'd like to eat upon returning from the ISS, he replied, "If I have an appetite, that's going to be a bonus."
This post has been updated with new information.
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